Insulation, ceramics, rocks, thin coatings, composites, building materials, glasses, plastics, porous beds, fabrics, cardboard, metals, liquids.
Moist materials, melting and freezing materials, decomposition, sintering, etc..
Fibers, composites, wood, concretes and bricks, etc.
Measurement of apparent, conductive and radiative components and related optical properties (attenuation, scattering angle functions, reflection) of semitransparent for heat radiation materials (highly porous, glasses, etc). Note: ASTM measurement standards underline that they can not be used for semitransparent materials if radiation component is essential.